North Carolina Wildflowers, Shrubs, and Trees

by Jeffrey S. Pippen | Back to Jeff's Plant Page | Jeff's Nature Pages


Simaroubaceae > Ailanthus (Tree-of-heaven)

Ailanthus altissima (Tree-of-heaven) Tree-of-heaven (Ailanthus altissima)
Edge of woods under powerline in Orange Co., NC
29 July 2008

Noxious invasive weed from eastern Asia, Tree-of-heaven is common statewide in NC in a variety of habitats. Given an opportunity, these trees should be cut down and removed from your property for the good of the native vegetation!

Ailanthus altissima (Tree-of-heaven) Tree-of-heaven (Ailanthus altissima)
Edge of woods under powerline in Orange Co., NC
29 July 2008

Flowering in early summer, the winged fruits (samaras) develop in late summer becoming yellow, then pinkish, and ultimately tan and papery by late fall.

Ailanthus altissima (Tree-of-heaven) Tree-of-heaven (Ailanthus altissima)
Edge of woods under powerline in Orange Co., NC
29 July 2008

Leaves are large, compound, and smell like rotten peanut butter when crushed.

Tree-of-heaven (Ailanthus altissima)
Edge of woods under powerline in Orange Co., NC
9 Sep 2010
Ailanthus altissima (Tree-of-heaven) Tree-of-heaven (Ailanthus altissima)
Edge of woods under powerline in Orange Co., NC
24 June 2009

Sapling

Ailanthus altissima (Tree-of-heaven) Tree-of-heaven (Ailanthus altissima)
Edge of woods under powerline in Orange Co., NC
24 June 2009

Near the base of each leaflet are a few gland-tipped teeth. The leaflets are otherwise toothless and elongated.

Tree-of-heaven (Ailanthus altissima)
Edge of woods in Chapel Hill, Orange Co., NC
270Dec 2009

Pith of older twigs is peanut butter colored.

Tree-of-heaven (Ailanthus altissima)
Edge of woods in Chapel Hill, Orange Co., NC
270Dec 2009

Bud scar detail

Tree-of-heaven (Ailanthus altissima)
Edge of woods in Chapel Hill, Orange Co., NC
270Dec 2009

Mature papery fruits.

Tree-of-heaven (Ailanthus altissima)
Edge of woods in Chapel Hill, Orange Co., NC
270Dec 2009

Messy clusters of fruits litter the leafless trees in winter.

Ailanthus altissima (Tree-of-heaven) Tree-of-heaven (Ailanthus altissima)
Edge of woods under powerline in Orange Co., NC
29 July 2008

Bark of young trees has light, distinct lenticels.

Tree-of-heaven (Ailanthus altissima)
Edge of woods in Chapel Hill, Orange Co., NC
270Dec 2009

Lenticels become less distinct on older bark.

Ailanthus Webworm Moth (Atteva punctella) Ailanthus Webworm Moth (Atteva punctella)
Duke Gardens, Durham Co., NC
17 Oct 2007

Widespread and common in NC, this day-flying moth is often mistaken for a beetle due its colorful nature and habit of visiting flowers. It's named for its primary caterpillar food plant, Tree-of-heaven (Ailanthus altissima), in which the caterpillars live communally in tents/webs and eat the leaves.


Annotated habitat and distribution information listed above is from Radford, Ahles, & Bell. 1968. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas. UNC Press; and from personal observations and discussions with Will Cook, Harry LeGrand, and Bob Wilbur. Common names from personal experience and supplemented by the following resources USDA plants website, Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, and Georgia, and NatureServe.


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Created on ... Aug 6, 2006 | jeffpippen9@gmail.com